Future source of energy, fuel cell

Future source of energy, fuel cell

Electricity is essential for our lives.
Electricity from that it is very easy to handle,
Has been used in a variety of applications, electricity is now for mankind
This energy can be called lifeline.
Now, is this electric current is mainly thermal power generation and
Have been made by nuclear power.
Movement toward nuclear power generation from thermal power generation to try to change has come out.
This thing is a source of fuel oil-fired power is a finite resource,
Oxide such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen caused by global warming and thermal power
Become a problem because of acid rain.
However, there is a power generation nuclear power generation is also dealing with radioactive material,
Issues such as waste disposal of radioactive material control and power generation
Still remains a major challenge has been, and power generation method is not exactly the ideal way.


Long, with an emphasis on effective use of resources and environmental impact
It has long been considered power generation scheme,
Fuel cell has been a promising new source of electrical energy.
Currently, attention has been automotive and fuel cell energy source,
Consider this fuel cell and battery Why what on earth.
Battery is not producing electricity through chemical reaction,
Produces electricity by chemical reaction in the same way as ordinary fuel cells batteries.
However, fuel cells and other cells are characterized by significantly different.
By supplying a fuel cell (fuel =) substance that causes a chemical reaction,
Has to be able to produce electricity continuously.
Battery and fuel cell than you think just in that sense,
Should consider a kind of power generation equipment and might have a point.


Fuel cells generate electricity principle is very simple.
I think people in the school science experiment, was carried out the electrolysis of water is large.
Device is the electrolysis of water into hydrogen and oxygen over those electricity to the water,
Fuel cell is using exactly the opposite principle of electrolysis of water.
That is, the electricity generated in the reaction for obtaining water by reacting hydrogen and oxygen
Retrieve the device is a fuel cell.
Fuel for fuel cells is hydrogen and oxygen, can be obtained very easily.
In addition, hydrogen is a very dangerous substance is highly explosive,
The fuel cell does not use hydrogen as a fuel directly.
Hydrogen from the chemical LP gas, natural gas, such as methanol
The reaction was carried out while still fetching.
Therefore, the accident such as that stored hydrogen have such an explosion does not occur.
Has become a stable mechanism to supply hydrogen safely, obtain electricity.


Although this is a fuel cell,
Very low incidence of toxic substances (1),
There is a range of fuel source (2), can respond flexibly to 渇枯 problem of resources,
Power generation efficiency (3) is relatively high,
Fuel cell (4) is also a generator, eliminating the transmission loss from the power company,
Use of resources can be finite,
Can use the heat generated when the electric power generation (5),
There are advantages and so on.
Fuel cell in the future, it will likely become available in a variety of fields.
May be the time will come when one in the family units, the fuel cell will be established.

Health if you drink a glass of red wine

Health if you drink a glass of red wine?

Widespread talk of "try to drink a glass of red wine for health",
Wine is now lined with a lot on the shelves of liquor store san.
Was turned down to affordable tariff of wine,
The domestic wine makers began to import foreign famous wines,
It seems that also involved such circumstances.
In red wine that is clearly met and astringent tastes.
For those who like the very popular is astringent, and bitter Then this
What was accepted by the Japanese.
"People in France to a large amount of animal fat intake,
Statistical results of "low death rate from heart disease has been announced.
It is said the French paradox.
Then, "This is not because I drink a lot of red wine"
Is said to have begun.


It has been attracting attention, contained in red wine
Is a substance called polyphenol.
This is something that contains many of the grape skins and seeds.
It has an antioxidant effect, that suppress the function of active oxygen
It is said that to prevent hardening of the arteries.
So why why red wine.
Since white wine is fermented from grapes and squeeze,
Most components of the skin does not remain.
On the contrary, it was the group consisting of flavor and refreshing.
There is also a red wine called rose colored thin.
It is, it does not create a mixture of red wine and white wine.
I would squeeze tries to perform time colored by fermenting each pericarp.
From fermentation also will continue to squeeze.

Red wine is fermented by pericarp and seeds,
Squeeze resulting from so, I did remain polyphenols.
Not only remains of the pericarp red pigment,
Rich red wine will taste also joined other ingredients.
From the difference of how to make, there was also red wine types,
Is more full-bodied strong astringent type,
Light Body type of mouth than light drinking,
Will contain a lot of polyphenols.
Source of bitterness is the polyphenols such as tannins.


However, drinking a large amount of wine for polyphenols,
A source of unhealthy obvious to everyone.
Polyphenols are also included in it are chocolate and tea.
French is known as kind of a lot to ingest cocoa and chocolate.
When you drink cold medicine, and to speak a little alcohol, but not limited to red wine,
A total effect that is better blood circulation will get better.
But, more than an appropriate amount of alcohol intake that, please your modesty.
Will be dehydrated drink too much, you will trigger the brain infarction to promote blood clotting.
When using the drug treatment of cerebral infarction in particular, you should abstain from drinking.

Carcinogens in the fit to eat

Carcinogens in the "fit to eat"

At the table in Japan, that grated on the saury,
There is a very common combination.
Actually, that nitrosamines by this combination
Was found recently that produce carcinogens.
Many nitrosamines are included dried fish grilled or baked, in seafood processing.
Nitrosamine compounds, so simple, however,
If it is in the stomach, nitrite and secondary amino,
You would easily produced.
Seafood such as fish and fish eggs, etc. is raised as a secondary amino-containing foods.


On the other hand, ham and sausages nitrite as a coloring agent for food additives,
It has been used bacon, etc. How much,
Because it is regulated, is negligible.
Nitrous acid, nitric acid by the recent oral cavity in saliva from vegetables that are included in the
It is reduced to generate.
Is toxic by itself is not toxic secondary amine, with nitrous acid.
However, Nitrosamines and diazo compound is metabolized in vivo,
By various protein molecules and DNA methylation of the gene,
Gastric cancer and can cause cancer of the esophagus, liver cancer.


Significant amount of nitrosamines in the stomach in the past
I know the are produced, to not get cancer, you may not.
In fact, the production of vitamin C and vitamin E nitrosamine
It has been known to suppress.
Of vegetables in it are also included vitamin C in any way,
Bacon and ham and nitrite was added as a food additive mentioned above,
As an aid to color effect, and vitamin C
By the addition of erythorbic acid,
Prevents the occurrence of nitrosamines as a result.
The human body that has a defense mechanism against carcinogenesis are known to have more.


Polymerase is an enzyme such as DNA repair genes and tumor suppressor such as P52.
P52 is a protein to eliminate cancer cells
Such as lettuce and Chinese cabbage in the polymerase, such as methyl
If you grow vegetables, that you do not give too much nitrogen fertilizer, including
In the air because it contains nitrogen, but it is recommended,
To make a vegetable contains no nitric acid is impossible.
To mean do not eat fish and vegetables in the diet does not go,
Anxious is a good idea to consume extra vitamin C to somewhat.
Grated radish, ginger and squeeze the lemon to it or to saury
It is effective to eat together.

Tobacco is a poison canned

Tobacco is a poison canned

Looking at the package of tobacco
"It's important to note since there is too much smoke may impair your health"
It is written with.
Looking at the package of cigarettes overseas, concrete raised to disease,
Some have cautioned.
Tobacco smoke, chemicals or more of the approximately 4,000,
In more than 200 kinds of harmful substances, the
That it contains at least 60 carcinogens have been found.
Tobacco is a poison, such as canning.
Typical hazardous substances, nicotine, tar,
Carbon monoxide is raised.
Nicotine and carbon monoxide,
To bad the flow of blood to shrink the blood vessels,
Can cause lack of oxygen.
This could cause a disease of the heart and blood.


In addition, nicotine, (so-called toxic) dependence is strong,
I put away the people you hooked on tobacco.
To tar, such as benzopyrene
It contains 10 types of abnormal carcinogen.
Tar is known as a carcinogen.
The high incidence is a lung cancer,
Pharyngeal cancer early, do I make a cancer throughout the body.
The amount of tar in tobacco, but differ in stocks of tobacco,
Contains about 6-14 mg per cigarette this one.
When calculated as the smoke of 20 cigarettes a day 10 mg of a book,
In one year, Sun will be 73 grams = 0.010 grams of this x365 x20.
Will be put into the body and half tar paper cup.

Tobacco smoke, as well as smokers,
There is also damage to people who are around it.
Said that the mainstream smoke of cigarette smoke inhaled by smokers smoke from the mouth,
Cigarettes and cigars were lit on fire,
This is called sidestream smoke that smoke in the air directly from the pipe.
To secondhand smoke, nicotine, tar,
Contains more than mainstream smoke is carbon monoxide.
If the husband has been smoking a cigarette, even without smoking wife at all,
Wife's lung cancer mortality, compared to when both husband and wife do not smoke,
There is also a research report that about two times higher.
According to the WHO, three million people per year (six people per minute)
Due to illness caused by continued smoking is likely have died.


If you have 320 yen and the price of a cigarette box, people who smoke daily box 1.5,
What do you think of how much money you are using the last 10 years?
In fact, it is a \ 175 million.
The cost for the cost of treatment of diseases caused by tobacco,
Says that he'll be more than that.
For people who are around you and your
Consider how to deal with tobacco how is it?

Chemical hypersensitivity can not return after

Chemical hypersensitivity can not return after

New furniture and, in the perfume of the person who passed each other,
I think you have come better eye was often experience.
In response to hypersensitivity to certain chemicals,
Or a headache or uncomfortable in the eyes and nose
States such as feeling or worse,
This is called chemical hypersensitivity.
Large amounts or over a long period "among researchers
Are exposed to trace amounts of hazardous chemicals, such as receptor in the body
And hypersensitivity to win once, and then very small amounts of
State "clinical symptoms begin to appear in the complex encounter of chemicals and of the same strain
Will most likely be defined.


However, more than half of the people of chemical hypersensitivity,
That develop during the occupancy of new homes
There is also data that, and sick building syndrome
Is often used as synonymous.
That it accounts for many causes of chemical sensitivity,
Indoors, such as formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds
Air pollution is a substance that occurs.
In volatile organic compounds (pesticides and termite repellent) coating material and new building materials,
Does not become careless exterior material.
Volatile organic compounds, and flame on the problem of occupational safety and health course
It can not be ignored, due to indoor air pollution and its
What you should focus on health hazards.


However, volatile organic compounds is very large type,
To set the allowable concentration of each to evaluate the safety,
Is very time-consuming.
In the World Health Organization (WHO),
For each volatile organic compounds typical
As well as its guideline value, the concentration for that amount
Has proposed 300 cubic meters micrograms /.
But even so, the sampling method for measuring the concentration of formaldehyde for example,
Is a situation that is currently proposed in the professional organizations of the International Organization for Standardization.
Based on this situation, the health study group housing,
Formaldehyde, toluene, xylene, wood preservatives,
Material and priority initiatives plasticizer, the termiticides,
Was proposed to achieve the high housing health is low emission of chemical substances.


Side to provide a building is, or plywood that is displayed in the JAS for example, and F1 and
Association of wall covering material, or particle board used in the JIS standard E0
, Such as by reference to the (ISM) voluntary standards for interior materials,
And to select the materials and construction methods with less potential for emission of chemical substances,
Have emphasized the need, such as to the description of the way of living to residents.
In addition, the paint is not used as much as possible such as the development of an organic solvent,
Infancy is a variety of initiatives.
About the toxicity of chemical substances, with respect to acute toxicity has been studied most often.
Has been well studied carcinogen, chronic toxicity, teratogenicity as well as any other.
About the allergy and toxicity, chemical toxicity information for hypersensitivity is however
There is little so far.
"Health effects of fungicide and flame retardant PVC that is included in the wallpaper?"
Also be asked, not quite accurately answer is a shame.

Chlorine gas is generated risk not mix

Chlorine gas is generated "risk not mix"

May have been displayed in the rove and detergents and "Danger Do not mix".
Although referred to as "at risk", what the extent to which dangerous.
How do you even burn?
However, this is dangerous enough sometimes lose their lives.
And mix the acid detergent and chlorine bleach, chlorine occurs.
In an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite and acid contained in the chlorine bleach
That is included is because hydrogen ions to react.
To chlorine bleach, in addition to the acid detergent,
Mix vinegar or even lemon juice should not be.
Chlorine will occur.


Chlorine bleaching, there is excellent sterilization effect, is a very dangerous gas.
In the First World War, German troops were used as poison gas.
In fact, using both bleach and detergent as trying to clean up,
Would raise the chlorine gas, was also lost their lives housewife.
In 1987, this accident has occurred in Tokushima Prefecture.
Complained of pain so after cleaning in the bathroom, and "tired",
Was hastily carried to the hospital family.
However, the breathing is stopped after a few minutes, I would have died.
In the hospital I was subjected to artificial respiration and oxygen inhalation,
Has received a terrible damage to the lungs and blood vessels,
Had no effect.

Chlorine is also used to disinfect the pool.
However, the guard can not be "What, not it smell of pools".
Chlorine can earn under specific gravity is greater than air, even if there is a window towards the top.
Have polished the floor will not be escaped from the venom of chlorine
In addition to this accident, even reach up to death, such as nausea Sekiya
Accident has occurred for the inhalation of chlorine.
Before you can use both, frequently clean the dirt of light
Always try to do so.
Chlorine-based cleaning agents alone, there is another danger.
Chlorine-based cleaning agent (bleach, agents such as mold takes) is a component of
Those containing sodium hypochlorite is alkaline.
Alkaline substances, there is dissolve the protein nature of the human body.


For example, a book, placed in a glass cup of hair,
Let's put about 20cc pipe cleaning agent or agents to take mold to it.
Then, the hair will be from black tea.
Bleaching effect and it may seem, it is not the only.
Gradually becomes thinner, about 10 minutes after you have melted back.
Slimy if you add on the fingers, the skin will melt.
If you get in your eyes, there is a risk of corneal blindness dissolve the protein.
And think that, well you can fall well fall a lot, is more dense,
What awaits him is a terrible danger.
Make sure to read the usage notes, let's use carefully properly.
In particular, when you spray, but please be careful so as not turning a blind eye to.

.... Once is enough is no good, thinner poisoning

".... Once is enough" is no good, thinner poisoning

Plastic and does not dissolve in water (organic solvent such as thinner
) Generic name of the liquid with the purpose of dissolving the organic compounds such as pigments,
Or dissolve the paint and adhesives,
Has been used in dry cleaning.
Thinner, what is the impact of how the body?
"Effective" wake up sleepy "stiff" "good for a hangover"
Will "get to concentrate" "feeling good"
Information can be found "in the diet effect" such as wrong.
"I do not care about even with a time"
"Individual freedom because it does not disturb the others."
Such as there is a misinterpretation.


Thinner, the adults in prison,
That was around sniffing paint thinner instead of alcohol intoxication
It is thought that was the beginning.
The information transmitted to the boys across the country of thinner, in the 1970s,
Seems to have become fashionable as large as in the nation, put the number of guidance of approximately 50,000.
And arranged in descending order the components contained in the thinner, toluene, ethyl acetate,
Organic solvent is a mixture of xylene, methanol, and petroleum solvents.
Toluene in this, that contains most are highly volatile,
By inhaling it, it would have been readily absorbed from the lungs.
By the action of toluene contained in the thinner, needs to look something like drunken,
Symptoms, and hazy consciousness will occur.


Reason will not be able to stop the thinner,
Experience of hallucinations in the state that drunkenness seems to have sparked.
If it continues to abuse the thinner, eliminating the concentration and judgment,
What each other also become lethargic, or numbness in the body,
Tattered or teeth will be affected too, including the liver and kidneys.
In addition, the movement of the brain and cerebral atrophy, once they are destroyed,
I do not never go back to the original even though the abuse stopped.
May also affect the personality.
Eliminates the calm irritated.
The sloppy or is no longer lethargic.
May also cause visual hallucinations, auditory hallucinations, and delusion.
It also will lead to others, such as violence and murder.


That is thinner is also restricted in the "Poisonous and Deleterious Substances Control Law",
Abuse has been around the boy still.
Crimes committed by drug addition, it is happening even now.
Even if there is any sweet invitation, I do not put your hands absolutely.
In addition, since the modus operandi of the temptation to be clever, and drug Do not know
There is also a danger to the hand.
You must have eyes firmly spot.

(While searching a way to coexist) of wasp venom

(While searching a way to coexist) of wasp venom

Hornet's accident appeared in the media and become the summer and fall each year,
The Let me think about the difficulties of coexistence with nature.
There are a lot of this wasp of Japanese specialties.
About this, he was attacked by a wasp
Outside trying to fight out of the burrow as the bees from European
Been bitten off one and all are waiting to hornet
It may make annihilated, Nihonmitsubachi is
Wasps have been entering inside the narrow entrance
Can engage in a group, often from a nest of hornets attack
Wear protection has been pointed out, you feel a strange evolution.


Feed on the bee species such as the Vespa mandarinia japonica produced in Japan
In a foreign country and subject to strict animal quarantine is large Hornet
It is because that has become.
Animals with poison, the poison is relatively simple compounds of plant
When compared to some toxin complex protein systems will be to the Lord.
Animal venom is more toxic is strong in general, will appear as soon as possible and addiction.
Toxin of bee and wasp is representative, the protein in the body of the bee
Amino acid protein is relatively simple and are made to decompose.
At low cost in an efficient manner extremely utilization of waste
Mean that the toxin is made.
The destruction of the blood cell hemolysis and these toxins enter the human body and
Will produce toxic effects causing, unless a large amount of bites,
This toxin may result in death directly, but this is rarely necessary.


Fatal accident caused by a bee sting, the allergic reaction due to excess
Is often shock (anaphylactic shock),
People and people with allergies was stung by a bee once in the past is that requires special attention.
This is also what happens in a small bee,
Peace of mind can not be just because a small bee.
Was stung by a bee when to observe the progress in the application of antihistamines,
If emergency hospitalization will be required Arawarere shock.
Basic drug which is mainly composed of ammonia, such as kumquat
For bee is not useful.
Now since there is antibody testing, a lot of wasps in rural areas,
If you are concerned about, it is recommended to be subject to inspection by all means, such as constitution.


Habitat of the Hornets was one of the recession being chased by people,
Looks like the mountains is also expanding into new housing complex,
Adaptation of bees is completed unawares,
Many now make a hornet nest in secluded rich diet.
On the other hand, when the Hornets as humans once
Carried out an attack before it starts to play, a feather,
For not knowing what to do and teeth match menacing tick,
What is happening here and there like every year hornet turmoil is a shame.
In addition, find a beehive around the home,
If coexistence impossible as such have a small child,
Get rid or ask an expert,
Disinfection will be carried out between midnight and early morning.

Amphetamine addiction, a large amount of abuse in everyday society

Amphetamine addiction, a large amount of abuse in everyday society

Person in custody of the retention of stimulant use is over 20,000 people a year,
Who is about 10 times its actual use,
From 1995 incident and its use increased significantly in succession,
Now it is said to have stimulant abuse the third period.
The person receiving the order of boss of an organization using mobile phones in particular,
Young people, including teenagers in general and parks instructed by phone to end human trafficking,
Pass a drug such as housewives, office workers, etc.,
How trafficking organization, sophistication is progressing.
These stimulants are illicitly in a foreign country,
Been smuggling large amounts of organized crime to earn money,
Has been flowing into our everyday society.


Amphetamine or methamphetamine stimulants originally,
To decompose the amine of chemical messengers nerve
Or inhibit monoamine oxidase,
Then you can increase the release of catecholamines from nerve endings,
Have the effect to relieve fatigue, mood-elevating.
Has been marketed as a drug under the name of methamphetamines in 1941.
Called assault tablets were mixed powder of tea during the war, and methamphetamines
Raw materials Tablets by law enforcement stimulants Stimulants Control Act of 1951, of 55 years
Has received regulatory and stringent enforcement.


Current stimulant abusers in our country, most of them,
Rather than oral tablets, and then self-administer drugs intravenously.
(Flash) will run throughout the body, it looks like instant pleasure of sexual climax immediately.
This unusual excitement, only to numb the fatigue that is really real, however,
Come withered body energy, anxiety and dismay that have struck in reversal.
And they would also dabbled in search of a high mood again.
Drug is rapidly give rise to resistance,
Become a drug dependent state seek the powerful drugs to the other,
Important organ in the body will continue to ruin.
Was used as a stop somehow, suddenly a few months later and earlier
Treatment (flash back) will become increasingly difficult and the recurrence of similar symptoms.
In addition, the needle injection of stimulants is turning out to spread the AIDS virus.
The evils of drugs are not limited to individuals.


Hallucinations, paranoia, violent or heinous crime family from tracking delusion
The driven (such as the phantom killer murder).
From familiar people such as "get a kick" "get confident," "be thin"
In light of stimulants and nickname, such as "speed" was put to words with invitation
You did not know or drawn.
The advent of easy dose method does not use a syringe, such as inhalation or application to the nasal mucosa,
Fall in the price decline of guilt darkness of stimulant drugs, mosquito fashion and drug abuse,
Tendency to seek stimulation easily, as well as more recent prolonged recession
Has spurred the spread of drugs.
Although some countries have imposed life imprisonment or death penalty a felony that just by possession,
Female is required to Byokon of society is only to heavy punishment will not solve.

Front and back of the utility of drugs, drug addiction

Front and back of the utility of drugs, drug addiction

Further drug euphoria and its powerful analgesic properties,
In order to bring a sense of euphoria, and then lightly the pain of cancer patients,
This drug must be to maintain the quality of life of terminally ill patients.
From the World Health Organization (WHO),
Aggressive administration that have been recommended.
Such as coming primarily from the deep of the body, such as built-in going on the pain (pain built-in)
There is a strong hold work.
The bottom, such as aspirin, pain mainly on the surface of the body (somatic pain)
Is the difference between what is effective.
Has been used as a useful anesthetic for surgery.


However, the drugs, captured the hearts of human beings, delusions On the other hand,
Have a strong side effects and drug addiction that would last the Crock.
And drug addiction, a drug commonly used now for that pleasure,
Not only become habit-forming, gradually increases the amount of use, eventually without the drug
Dani is that it is made from can not live.
Happens, difficulty breathing, abnormal sensation, such as mental confusion when you stop using the
Can cause physical dependence, particularly in cocaine,
If you do not choose the means to get the drug,
The crime or cause a psychological dependence and so on.
In addition, when taking a large amount of drugs,
Respiration is inhibited disturbance of consciousness, coma,
Leads to death and not to take immediate emergency medical care.
So, in our country, morphine, heroin, cocaine, pethidine,
Drugs such as LSD by Narcotics Control Law, and
Lee also cannabis parent of LSD (marijuana)
Has been regulated by the Cannabis Control Law.

Typical of the drug from the pericarp of unripe poppy
Was dried latex is opium that is secreted.
Its main component in morphine,
Analgesia was used for the purpose from the Greek era.
Qing and occurred over the smuggling of opium to China
Battle with the United Kingdom is well known as the Opium War.
History of drugs in this way is the old,
Opioid receptors of the cells to its analgesic effect
I know that is exerted by binding to specific,
Is from the 1970s.
Own pituitary body, hypothalamus, adrenal medulla In addition,
With morphine-like activity such as gastrointestinal tract, such as β-endorphin
That endogenous opioid peptides have been synthesized,
It is said that, this is apparently related to the time of acupuncture anesthesia.


Or can be called narcotic antagonist naloxone, thanks to these studies,
Recently it has also become popular research and development is less dependent on more drugs.
On the other hand, the timer was dried cannabis leaves and flowers of grass is an annual herb of the mulberry family,
LSD is the thing was synthesized from ergot alkaloids,
These can become comfortable in a dream or something, looks distorted,
Dependence causing hallucinations, such as mystical experiences
I strong, mechanism of action is not known enough.
Smuggling of cocaine from South American countries, opium by foreigners,
To bring or trafficking incident of domestic heroin, cannabis have occurred frequently,
Has been threatened with or is not going to expand drug abuse.

Chemical weapons of deadly poison gas, sarin nerve

Chemical weapons of deadly poison gas, "sarin" nerve

By the Aum Shinrikyo sarin attack in Matsumoto City
(More than 200 victims, seven people died),
(Approximately 5,500 victims, 12 people died) and sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway system,
Since the alleged manufacturing of Iraq and Sudan, it became suddenly famous
Is a kind of chemical weapons and poison gas sarin and VX called.
Poison gas has been developed for the purpose of killing human beings purely in this way,
(April 1915) against western Germany during the First World War,
It is said that the first chlorine gas was used to front with the Canadian Forces.


Since then, until the end of the First World War,
Of the French army, such as mustard (mustard gas) gas
Many kinds of poison gas was used.
Meeting in Geneva was held in conjunction with a die at the end of World War (25 years),
Wartime use of poison gas was forbidden, but, even then, maybe of the year 36 (tabun),
Of 38 years, such as sarin (sarin), to organophosphate pesticides for pesticide
Development of organophosphate poison gas of similar structure was underway.
At the end of World War II, probably because fortunately, was of each other for fear of reprisals,
Be used in combat was not.
These organic phosphorus-based poison gas, a neural circuit in the body
Are known to interfere with nerve gas.

When the excited nerve cells, a substance called acetylcholine,
Are released into the small space called a synapse connecting portion,
That this is to reach the receptor of nerve and muscle cells following
The transmitted signal is then from the next, to receive the following signals
Acetylcholine must be resolved immediately.
However, these poison gas of organic phosphorus,
Enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine and this (cholinesterase)
Would inhibit its action and joined to the (anti-esterase),
The accumulation of excess acetylcholine in the synaptic
Nerve cells then you will not be able to convey the signal.
Currently, sarin (agent GB), soman (agent GD),
In a typical nerve agent (VX) tabun,
Median lethal dose is 0.4 milligrams from 0.1 milligrams just said.
And this poison gas from the skin as well as from the respiratory
Is absorbed, only a gas mask does not prevent.


Being used as a poison gas, the toxicity (1) is high,
Rapid effects (2), easy to spray (3), which is absorbed from the skin (4),
After spraying (5), toxicity is lost over time,
Can be stored (6), because there are other features, is inexpensive (7).
For this reason, the poison gas used as chemical weapons,
In addition to these organic phosphorus is about mustard gas and cyanide gas.
Type of non-poison gas murder, in order to prevent gas mask easily,
Does not exist except for the several types of suppression used by the mob.
When exposed to this poison gas, and this also acetylcholine
Alkaloid atropine as an antidote to antagonize, of organophosphorus pesticides
Has been developed, such as PAM is used.
So to speak, I did win the poison with poison.

Puffer fish poisoning death nerve may be affected

Puffer fish poisoning death nerve may be affected

Poisoning by toxic puffer fish does not cut the trail.
Also reported and the number of dozens of each year,
Approximately twenty percent of the victims have lost their lives.
Most of the accident is due to the cooking of the amateur does not have a license.
Identity of the puffer fish poison is tetrodotoxin (TTX)
Is an organic compound called.
In 1964, the chemical structure has been elucidated.
TTX is a neurotoxin, even when heated much
That its toxicity does not disappear.
Numbness of lips and fingertips is the beginning of puffer fish poisoning.
Headache and nausea numbness spread throughout the body,
Paralysis of the tongue and throat may occur.
Then, breathing and heart function is gradually lost, leading to death.


Puffer fish poisoning, it will be as heavy as the onset is usually early.
If you develop from past the eight hour day, nearly everyone has been saved.
In the puffer fish poisoning, the treatment will be performed, including a variety of gastric lavage.
It will be particularly important in that,
Artificial respiration is to paralysis of respiratory muscles thorough.
If you can manage breathing, without leaving any sequelae
Because it is possible to survive the patient.
In addition, a substance that inhibits TTX is some kind of recent crab
There have been reports of to have.
For future study, the expectation of magic bullet has been leaning against.

By the way, by individuals in the same type of puffer fish
If there is a difference can be seen in the strength and presence of poison.
It himself, rather than build a puffer TTX,
Is because from the outside through the bait capture.
What are you synthesize TTX, in fact, we have bacteria on the seabed.
It is through the food chain, is not that to be conveyed to the puffer fish.
Puffer fish prefer to eat food, including TTX,
The accumulation of ovary and liver, and skin.
It is a means of defense to predators.


For unprotected eggs, to accumulate a lot of the ovary TTX
You wonder because a lot.
Strangely, puffer fish poison that falls on its own is not available.
Blowfish is resistant to TTX, to about 500 times the normal fish is okay.
It reaches the, it will indeed but also died of blowfish.
Now, in farming, and tiger puffer be the most exclusive in the puffer fish, the
Food that should not be given the accumulation of TTX.
However, in fish farms, such as only part of the bay is partitioned,
For puffer fish eats without permission is natural bait containing TTX,
What I am getting absolutely toxic.

Mechanism of food poisoning

Mechanism of food poisoning

On the other hand will increase throughout the entire health-oriented life,
Food poisoning does not even try to look for some reason signs of decline.
If you include those that do not appear in the statistics,
It is estimated that the number of patients and also climb to 10 million per year.
Also said that cause food poisoning to bite bacteria (bacterial food poisoning),
Vary, such as natural toxins, and chemicals.
The vast majority of it on the number, however,
Food poisoning is bacterial food poisoning by bacteria when all is said and done still.
To bacterial food poisoning, there are two types.
One is to eat foods that contain food poisoning bacteria,
Is "infection type" cause acute gastroenteritis in the digestive tract and multiply it.


As an example, and a lot of salmonella food poisoning incidents
You can increase the Vibrio parahaemolyticus.
This type it is relatively long incubation period is characterized.
Type of infection, and food poisoning bacteria to grow in the gastrointestinal tract,
Inflammatory reaction can occur in mucosal tissue of the body as one of the defense reaction.
As a result, large amounts of fluid from the capillaries
(Plasma component containing the antibacterial factor) is the outflow,
Will try to Arainagaso food poisoning bacteria.
This is the reason leading to severe diarrhea and dehydration.
Bacterial diarrhea, do not stop taking medicine for diarrhea often is for this reason.
Another is to create a food poisoning bacteria (bacterial toxin) toxin,
It is the "type" toxin damage to various body.
O-157, there Clostridium botulinum, Staphylococcus aureus and famous,
It is characterized by a short incubation period.

Bacterial toxins, interfere with the workings of a particular body,
You take away the life or harm.
For example, once had many victims in the "lotus root mustard" or "Izushi"
Produce the toxin Clostridium botulinum (botulinum toxin) is
Neurotoxin in extremely intense,
Will stop the breathing circuit to cut off the nerve of the body.
Ya barrel of this deadly poison of botulinum toxin,
500 times (tetrodotoxin) what poison blowfish,
Of potassium cyanide also reached a million times, the whole human race on earth just 100 grams
Is enough to be said and even can be deadly.
On the other hand, Staphylococcus aureus susceptible populations, such as over a catered lunch, the
Although it is not so strong, issue of multiple toxins, such as the following.


Toxin and (1) α β toxin
Rob and destroy the red blood cell oxygen transport function (hemolysin),
Toxin (2) δ
Destroy the cell membrane,
(3) Roikojin
Destroy the white blood cells.
Staphylococcus aureus is the bacteria causing acne and such as when a cut is infected.
There is a wound in the hand or the fingers of both hands, there was tinkering with the disease in the eye patch
Case that the food is contaminated due to the cooking is almost the case.
Well, it is troublesome bacterial food poisoning,
To the eye also is contaminated with food poisoning bacteria Food
There is almost no change in the place, going to eat without noticing.
In order to prevent contamination and growth of bacteria, always paying close attention to the
Borne in mind is what you want to handle food.

What To begin with, what poison

What To begin with, what poison?

Poison that exist in nature, that exist in nature originally
Poison and not derived from inanimate objects, such as volcanic gas physiological,
To poison and biological (such as Aconitum) have used aconitine biological
Can be divided.
Poison inanimate object is just something that we do not normally encounter in everyday life.
For substances normally present around, like oxygen,
Originally, when organisms began to produce toxic oxygen plants (and many other organisms
Even to take advantage of what was supposed to) is said to have died,
Or to withstand, the organism has evolved it.


Of the venom, poison plant alkaloids and amino acids
Many low-molecular-weight toxin is relatively simple,
There is a width ranging from intense weak effect.
Animal venom, on the other hand, a large molecular weight proteins and peptides that are complex,
Is so intense there are many.
Poison animals do not have a mechanism of complex chemical synthesis in the body to make,
Having a large molecular weight plant poison is more complex than would be wondering.
This is poison animals that make up your body
And those resulting in the degradation of proteins, etc.,
Because it is re-use of the toxin produced by other organisms.
In other words, the animal is it that made the poison waste re-use a question mark (?)
This is exclusively for creatures of that type animal consumption,
Method is extremely efficient.


Things this way, biological poison inanimate object was less opportunity meet,
Venom is a means to survive competition exists.
That is, it is also the product of evolution of any poison.
Mankind for a long time, has been used for hunting and poisoning the poison this diversity.
However, as the so-called "poison and medicine is a fine line," said
There is also a poison has been used as medicine.
Degradation of chemical reactions have taken place if there is a cause of disease in the body,
(In this case, excessive reaction) venom cause the action of reverse
The disease also is dead in medicine.
Medical means to explore the mechanism of this poison the human body,
You can now use up to further the development of drugs.


For example, taken from a cactus native to Mexico
If you examine the hallucinogen mescaline that,
Have the shape similar to adrenaline, adrenaline-degrading enzymes of
That was found to inhibit the work.
Adrenergic activation of the nerve (is, as soon as possible after work
You need to be decomposed. )
Then, from the brain of the patient (which is a kind of paranoid) schizophrenia
In any of the adrenaline and mescaline
-Like substance has been discovered.
This disease, much like the hallucinogen mescaline in the body
Synthesis is that you have found it.
In this way, even mental illness, chemical changes in the body abnormally
Understand that this is the night,
Now many of them can be treated with drugs.
It is also be useful to also use According to the poison.

The car is running source of air pollution

The car is running source of air pollution (nitrogen oxides, benzene)

In automotive exhaust gas, nitrogen oxide,
Carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and particulate matter
It contains a variety of air pollutants.
Oxides of nitrogen occurs in the engine burning the nitrogen in the air.
Nitrogen is fireproof material,
When fuel is burned in an explosion of the engine,
Will burn together.
Nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons contained in the exhaust gas with still
Can cause photochemical smog.


In addition, nitrogen oxide dissolves in water and acid will be referred to as nitrite,
Can cause acid rain, acid fog.
In the engine to burn fuel very quickly,
Nitrogen does not burn not only burns,
Originally supposed to burn fuel,
I am getting in the exhaust gas without burning hydrocarbon that is.
It becomes a problem especially in the hydrocarbon to gasoline
Benzene is contained slightly.
Since the benzene molecule is close to the size of the components of gasoline,
In the gasoline when gasoline from crude oil to separate
I have an easy-go nature.
For weaving are included in the gasoline, such as when refueling in addition to exhaust gas
May pollute the atmosphere by evaporation from the fuel tank.
Therefore, the gasoline to evaporate into the atmosphere from the fuel tank
Give them such absorbing device for not leak, the gasoline benzene itself
Measures such as making things that do not contain as much as possible has been made.



It has been delayed in most measures of automobile waste gases is particulate matter.
There is a diesel engine that the car is black with smoke,
In this black smoke particulate matter, soot is possible when the fuel is burned in the engine.
To this is in addition to carbon soot, was produced in high temperature in the engine
Includes chemicals, among them strong and carcinogenic
There are also many poisonous ones.
You can also become the cause of allergic diseases such as hay fever and asthma,
There is also a research report that may worsen the symptoms.
In addition to the exhaust gas and fuel, automobile air pollutants can occur.
Asbestos is a generic term for the shape of the fibrous mineral was fine,
Has been used in many fields as a material with excellent thermal insulation and fire resistance.


Now, however, can cause malignant tumors in the skin called
Was found for the replacement of replacement is underway.
In automotive brake parts have been used to taking advantage of the wear resistance.
But little by little each time the car brakes,
Asbestos is released into the atmosphere will be in powder, pollute the environment.
Replacement of asbestos has been developed for each application in the field, respectively, in the car
The new car was produced after 1995 do not use asbestos
Brake is used.
However, many of the old cars are still using asbestos.
In addition, the future will be replacements, but asbestos is released into the atmosphere,
We do not know whether to completely these are harmless.
Air pollution caused by asbestos problem is it did not end.

Mansion bomb without toilet

Mansion bomb without toilet

When you run a nuclear power plant, a variety of radioactive waste is born.
Radioactivity is easily reduce or, in the chemical will not be deleted.
Problem of radioactive waste is initiated as the primary technology to solve both
Was called the "Mansion with no toilet."
Even now, the waste is left with no toilet and the other hand accumulate.
It is said that nuclear waste and so need only slightly compared to fossil fuels,
Is not so simple.
Spent fuel of nuclear power, uranium and plutonium fission was
So strong lump of radioactive material, including the "fallout",
Chikayore volume is small but not human.
It also includes what it takes tens of thousands of years to become weak radioactivity.


In addition, related facilities such as power plants and reprocessing plants,
Radioactive waste will be a huge one.
Problem of disposal of spent fuel,
Has been postponed by sending it overseas to the reprocessing plant.
Reprocessing of Japan was planning does not proceed in an accident or construction delay.
So cut sends a minute oversea contract,
Currently, there are pools in which water-cooled nuclear power plant spent fuel
To fill out, it has become a full-fledged jam shit.
Far from re-processing will expand to postpone the issue in the first place.
Been referred to as the effective use of resources and reduce waste,
You take out the uranium and plutonium reprocessing plant in the rest of the burning,
Give rise to strong radioactive waste if it is the same burn.


Separation and extraction of re-processing work, because it uses large amounts of reagents and equipment,
Increase the number and volume of waste radiation contamination spread.
Since releasing the radioactive material had been containment,
British and French reprocessing plants around is serious radioactive contamination has occurred.
Reprocessing itself has not been established yet, it is a difficult technology.
Radioactive waste is strong, space, deep-sea floor, such as Antarctic
Sandan is crushed ester, to about 1 km underground
Fill that has been studied.
Safety do not know.
Underground nuclear test site in the United States,
The water flowing beneath the surface of the earth at a speed of plutonium than expected
That have been moved has just been reported.
It is difficult to take out again and fill in the basement depth.
Above ground storage is also considerable challenges, it may be better still.


In addition to this, there is no radioactivity to nuclear radioactive material
Annihilation process to be converted, in principle, is a measure of reality can be even lower.
Radioactive waste is also low,
The majority of concrete and steel, etc. come out from the dismantling nuclear power plant
The effect is small, better able to handle industrial waste facility in the market and what the normal recycling
You are about to be developed.
And is easy to forget that,
Arises because a large amount of radioactive waste of nuclear power for the most,
Omoto is a uranium mine.
Born also lend the weight of the uranium used in nuclear power plant thousands of times,
Exposed in the fields will be on.
This includes substances such as radioactive radium and radon,
Radon will continue to diffuse into the atmosphere.
The primary reason we will continue to ensure future generations of energy.
However, radioactive waste is a negative legacy for future generations to remain more distant.
Before even thinking about having to abandon unexpected place out of reach of eye or hand, disposal is a problem remains unresolved,
Why continue to raise good, you should stop and think.

Radioactivity and radiation also have you

Radioactivity and radiation also have you

Immediately after the Chernobyl nuclear accident,
In our country for the prevention of radioactive contamination food imports
As a borrowing position, a reference value per kilogram
Vector figure of 370 was established.
Food containing radioactivity is much higher than it
Did you know that from a long time ago?
According to the report of the Nuclear Safety Research Association,
The per kilogram, respectively, 600 vector tea,
400 vector potato chips, dried shiitake vector 700,
I radioactivity of 2000 that contains the vector dried kelp.
Vector is a unit of radioactivity, radiation of a vector is an individual one second
This means to be released.


Referred to as "exposure", and that the human body is exposed to radiation.
Although it is easy to be confused because the two have the same pronunciation
And "exposure" of the atomic bomb is a little different meaning.
There are lines to radiation α, line β, line γ, and neutron radiation, mainly
You have to worry about radiation damage even if exposed to any radiation.
To radiation damage is due to cell will die by radiation
Such as burns and organ dysfunction occur and failure "appear soon."
Children born to pathogenesis and carcinogenesis and genetic disease
"Appear or late, failure appear across the generations" There is.
The greater the radiation dose, the higher risk of becoming either case.
Also exist where radioactivity is everywhere around us,
Radiation has always rife.
This is called "natural radiation" a naturally occurring radiation.


In Japan, the natural radiation exposure of 2.4 mSv per year is also of anyone, and
I have received from such food from the earth from space.
And seat belt is a unit mean radiation dose
Due to differences in the type and energy of radiation
Dose is expressed to account for the difference between the effects on the human body.
Means of a millimeter is 1000 minutes.
Radiation that we receive radiation from the potassium line (β)
It is said that the largest.
About 0.02% of the potassium is radioactive potassium Roh.
When you eat foods containing potassium is so,
I have always eaten radioactive potassium.
The total amount of radioactivity also elements that make up the human body,
Vector will also be approximately 7,000 per person.


Although it is not Godzilla monster, we have a radioactivity anyone,
I will always be that out of the radiation.
But do not worry.
Evidence that was harmful radiation and natural radioactivity in the nature of this long
Not yet found even once.
In theory There is no such thing as a safe dose of radiation of course absolute.
Experience in the long history of mankind, however,
I'd like to say is as safe natural radiation.
There is also a chance that we can measure the radiation close to flying.
Church in radiation measurement (goods), the
Kun "measure" of the handy type radiation meter
The lending me for free.

Global warming and greenhouse gas

Global warming and greenhouse gas

Global warming due to the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has become a problem.
Prevention of global warming in Kyoto Conference (COP3), of this carbon dioxide
Has been discussion about reducing emissions.
However, the gas heats the earth villain, greenhouse gas, ie,
There are some other than carbon dioxide.
They are, methane, nitrous oxide, CFCs, etc..
Mechanism of these gases warm the earth, is as follows.
Energy coming from the sun fell on the earth is in the form of electromagnetic waves.
Looking at the long wavelength side by side in order of electromagnetic waves, radio waves, infrared, visible light,
Will be ultraviolet, line X, and the line γ.
Energy of electromagnetic waves, it is large enough to shorter wavelengths.


Large part of the electromagnetic radiation from the sun is visible light and ultraviolet light.
Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and passes these on the ground most of the electromagnetic wave.
Amount of energy Earth receives the energy of these, the earth has received
Then released into space from the surface of the Earth, the infrared wavelength is longer decreased.
Greenhouse gas, has a nature to absorb these infrared,
Have played a role in insulating the atmosphere.
Prevents the chill off the earth to act reasonably and the greenhouse effect,
Kept to about 15 degrees Celsius average temperature, vital activity becomes possible.
When you increase the greenhouse effect, the temperature of the atmosphere is on the rise but will.


Well, let's look at the profile of the gas of the villain.
Methane is the main component of natural gas and coal gas, is colorless and odorless.
It also occurs from the dump.
Nitrous oxide is a colorless gas faintly sweet-scented, has the effect of a good lung,
It is also called "laughing gas" for face to inhale and convulsions.
Freon is also known as a gas that Deplete the Ozone Layer.
These gases, it is large greenhouse impact is characterized.
Methane is about 25 times of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide at about 320-fold,
Freon is reached in about 8500 times.
Being the "main culprit" of global warming is carbon dioxide,
Amount because the vast majority of its occurrence.


However, from now on, my eyes can not look aside from methane is likely.
Currently, methane than before the Industrial Revolution
It is said that about 2.5-fold increase.
You say that increased with the use of coal and natural gas.
Sources of methane can also be found in the other.
From paddy fields is the occurrence of such as cows and belching.
Methane from rice paddies mechanism to occur are as follows.
Rice to take root in the soil, the
Anaerobic bacteria to produce methane is lived.
If the ground is dry, so that the methane consumption by bacteria living on the surface of the soil,
Leaving to the atmosphere is unlikely.
In the paddy fields, this bacteria does not live inside of it has sunk in the ground water, however.
In addition, acts as a stem of rice straw,
Will put methane into the atmosphere.
Nitrous oxide, by giving the fertilizer also
To occur has been confirmed.
Also various sources of greenhouse gas
Going to focus has become necessary.

Ozone layer barrier made life, only five millimeters

Ozone layer barrier made life, only five millimeters

About the Earth's atmosphere was able,
Volcanic gases and nitrogen such as hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide
It is thought that was the main component.
Early life that occurred there, the
Reserves of organic compounds have been synthesized by chemical reaction of natural
"Eat" was alive. You should of course if there are no reserve was Oshimai.
However, there is the appearance of oxygen (cyanobacteria) cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis
Begin to release, as long as there is a sustainable solar energy
Life cycle has started.
This is the scenario of the evolution of about two billion two years ago.
Oxygen, energy use due to oxidation,
And supporting the development of an organism to perform aerobic respiration that is
At the same time, in the atmosphere is changed to ozone in part by the sunlight,
Began to form a barrier to prevent the intense ultraviolet light.
Ozone layer, however, had emerged.


From sea to sea life near by it,
To expand the area to the ground and is now available.
The ozone layer, 10 km from the ground current
Widely distributed in the stratosphere near 50 km,
Actually is present as an area of ??fairly dilute ozone.
Under atmospheric pressure until the ground temporarily bring down the ozone layer
If you measured the thickness, not only to just five millimeters.
This thin barrier, called UV-B,
They also protect the life from ultraviolet rays that are capable of cutting a chemical bond.


However, the ozone layer is also a troubled existence in reverse.
Low ozone in the atmosphere has a greenhouse effect,
Causing pulmonary edema at high concentrations, respiratory and skin aging, even at low concentrations,
Harm and to promote carcinogenesis is because large.
Ozone generation is caused by industrial activity must be suppressed.
In 1982, Japan and the United Kingdom Antarctic team,
Than the average concentration of ozone over Antarctica
Got the data has been greatly reduced.
Discovery of the ozone hole is surprised the world.
And as a result of intensive research and intense debate of scientists,
Five years later, chlorine in the stratosphere is derived from the CFC
It came to be confirmed that interfere with the formation of ozone.


Now, is not only a decrease in ozone in the polar regions,
Has become significantly at mid-latitudes.
Sharp decline of amphibians, such as now, the absolute decline of wildlife,
Go in the world that is as well known.
Cause is complex, the impact of ozone depletion has been pointed out.
It has been most concerned about damage to humans, an increase of skin cancer,
Are also some movement to limit the activities of sunbathing and in the field.
Montreal Protocol of 1987, with subsequent further tightening of regulations,
The manufacture and use of CFCs has been banned or severely restricted,
Deterioration of the situation is being suppressed.
However, it stops the expansion of the ozone hole at the beginning of the next century
Is an unpredictable situation is whether.
The trend is the problem of the world's regulatory, legal regulations in Japan is the penalty
The question remains, such as point without.

Around us is full of chemicals have.

Around us is full of chemicals have.
They are convenient to us to enrich our lives.
On the other hand, sometimes with a toxic chemical.
Chemical also was considered safe and may result in damage to health and the environment
We have also found that.

Institutions of the United States are collecting information on chemical substances has been developed in the world,
At the end of 2000, more than 28 million chemical substances have been registered.
In addition, 4,000 kinds of chemicals are born every day.

What a nasty chemicals, as well as representing the toxic effect immediately into the body,
Even in the slightest intake, or the ability to raise the gun to accumulate in the body, offspring
Is that you have missed or nature. (Chemical substances are called environmental hormones)


"Contribution by chemical substances, the plus side"
From infectious diseases such as save lives and economy-revolutionary-convenience and comfort, we are rich,
Has contributed to mankind.

"The downside of chemical substances (Guy)"
To the global environment and the impact of abnormal reproductive function, hypersensitivity, and carcinogenicity pollution and phytotoxicity people,
"Harm" is becoming a problem.
And PCB (insecticide) and (polychlorinated biphenyls), DDT has been developed, for example when
It was used in large quantities is touted as a breakthrough product that is toxic to understand that after,
Now is not the most production.

Has also become a cause of water quality and soil pollution caused, the destruction of the environment, threaten the health of the people.
Risk of chemical substances have, has been revealed gradually in a long period of time continue to use.
We are not only "convenience", with the chemical substance of "harm risk ="
I think it is important to recognize properly.

Erode material our body and the environment
Dangerous substance that causes the poisoning murder
Substance of everyday life become upper respiratory health
Health food you want to know more
Chemical technology and materials to improve the environment